• Introduction Multipotent stromal cells also referred

  2018-11-08

  

  Introduction Multipotent stromal cells, also referred to as mesenchymal stem glucosamine sulfate (MSCs), are an heterogeneous subset of stromal cells present in several tissues including bone marrow, bone, adipose tissue, skin, kidney, umbilical cord and placenta (Friedenstein et al., 1968). The mi

• Main Text These are exciting times for stem cell research

  2018-11-08

  

  Main Text These are exciting times for stem cell research and its application to human health. Unprecedented opportunities now exist to harness the power of stem farnesyl diphosphate synthase to understand and treat disease. We continue to learn more about the potential of stem cells of many diffe

• br Acknowledgments br Introduction The intestinal epithelium

  2018-11-08

  

  Acknowledgments Introduction The intestinal epithelium provides a paradigmatic model for understanding stem cell organization and dynamics in highly proliferative tissues. The past decade has seen numerous breakthroughs in our understanding of intestinal stem cells (ISCs). Prior to 2007, the e

• Although WNT signaling plays a prominent role

  2018-11-08

  

  Although WNT signaling plays a prominent role in A/P patterning of the neural tube, few studies have extensively examined the influence of WNT on the A/P positional identity of hPSC-derived NPCs and neurons. To date, most studies have relied on FGF8 (Yan et al., 2005; Yang et al., 2008) or retinoic

• transcription factors Despite the potential for tissue speci

  2018-11-08

  

  Despite the potential for tissue specific accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria, MRT understandably is of considerable appeal to couples coping with a devastating mitochondrial disease as such intervention provides the only hope for a healthy child. Depending on the tissues and proportion of di

• To explore the potential mechanism underlying this interesti

  2018-11-08

  

  To explore the potential mechanism underlying this interesting phenomenon, we examined the role of mTOR in this process as mTOR is well known for its role in controlling cell growth and metabolism, and more importantly, it is known to crosstalk with GSK3 (Inoki et al., 2006). Indeed, we were able re

• However it is likely that

  2018-11-08

  

  However, it is likely that, in addition to PU.1, other TFs participate in the initiation of the establishment of pre-existing enhancers and the activation of de novo enhancers. Thus, C/EBPα sites also were enriched for the RUNX motif, in line with the finding that during myelopoiesis Runx1 binds tra

• We previously discovered that ATM in addition

  2018-11-08

  

  We previously discovered that ATM, in addition to serving many roles in cell-cycle regulation and DNA damage response, also functions as a key epigenetic regulator in neurons, likely underlying the ataxic symptoms as well as neurodegeneration. ATM indirectly regulates nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling o

• In the present study we show that

  2018-11-08

  

  In the present study, we show that rhLNs are more effective in supporting xeno-free and defined differentiation compared with exogenous matrix such as gelatin, used in ongoing clinical studies (Schwartz et al., 2012). Moreover, we demonstrate that suspension transplantations of rhLN-521-hESC-RPE int

• Many non integrating reprogramming strategies have been

  2018-11-08

  

  Many non-integrating reprogramming strategies have been investigated over the past 8 years, such as minicircle plasmids, synthetic mRNA/miRNA, proteins, and small molecules. However, all these approaches are labor intensive, time consuming, and often inefficient. Recently, much attention has been fo

• Fetal hepatocyte progenitors express EZH the

  2018-11-07

  

  Fetal hepatocyte progenitors express EZH2, the histone lysine methyltransferase responsible for H3K27 trimethylation, and EZH2 is required to allow hepatocyte progenitor expansion in vivo (Koike et al., 2014). Conversely, knockdown of EZH2 in embryonic murine hepatic progenitors was reported to prom

• It seems reasonable to conclude that the

  2018-11-07

  

  It seems reasonable to conclude that the Dutch, who exhibit an independent self-construal and are strongly individualistic, use the occasion of helping colleagues as a way to express their pride publicly and standout. This interpretation is consistent with the emotional syndrome description of North

• br Theoretical model br Empirical model In order to

  2018-11-07

  

  Theoretical model Empirical model In order to test whether the effects of labor productivity and exchange rate indeed differ, as predicted by the theoretical model, we estimate the elasticities of each variable in Eq. (13). To implement this test empirically, we make modifications in the estim

• br Methods Twenty Wistar adult male rats g

  2018-11-07

  

  Methods Twenty Wistar adult male rats (280–300g) were used in this study. The animals were maintained with food and water ad libitum, and kept under controlled conditions (temperature 22±2°C; 12:12-h light-dark cycle). All of the experimental procedures were conducted in accordance with the Guide

• In addition to the burden on

  2018-11-07

  

  In addition to the burden on the population, it is hypothesized that the considerable health and care burden of AD will impose a large economic burden throughout affected economies. Previous economic studies estimate the 2009 worldwide cost of dementia to be US$421 billion and attribute 10% of the g

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