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br Possible complementarity of trimming pathways Determining
2024-06-27
Possible complementarity of trimming pathways Determining the exact pathway for the generation or destruction of MHCI peptide ligands by ERAP1 is important for our understanding of the shaping of the immunopeptidome and for designing inhibitors that can manipulate it. It is also possible however
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HhAntag synthesis To further clarify the vascular
2024-06-27
To further clarify the vascular cell types expressing AR subtypes, double immunofluorescence staining for ARs and vascular endothelial HhAntag synthesis or vascular smooth muscles was performed. As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, overlay images show the expression of all ARs subtypes that we examined in v
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br Experimental procedure br Introduction Migraine is a
2024-06-26
Experimental procedure Introduction Migraine is a debilitating neurovascular disorder characterized by recurring unilateral pulsating headaches of moderate to severe intensity, associated with nausea, photophobia and/or phonophobia, lasting from 4 to 72 h (Headache Classification Committee of
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br Results br Discussion br
2024-06-26
Results Discussion Conclusion The flux of glucose into cytosolic short chain acyl-CoAs was maintained in pure beta Cabozantinib synthesis in the presence of inhibition of ATP citrate lyase with hydroxycitrate and also in a cell line with >90% ATP citrate lyase knockdown suggesting that a p
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Introduction An association of elevated branched chain amino
2024-06-26
Introduction An association of elevated branched-chain Enzalutamide (BCAA—Leu, Val, Ile) with obesity and insulin resistance was first reported nearly 50 years ago (Felig et al., 1969). With the advent of metabolomics technologies, it has since become apparent that the association of BCAA and rela
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Recent studies have demonstrated that
2024-06-26
Recent studies have demonstrated that in response to IR, hundreds of substrates are phosphorylated in an ATM-dependent manner, clearly demonstrating the complexity of the ATM-mediated DDR pathways (Matsuoka et al., 2007, Bennetzen et al., 2010, Bensimon et al., 2010). However, evidence suggesting th
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Cyclosporin A Because of the critical roles played by AMPK i
2024-06-26
Because of the critical roles played by AMPK in energy sensing and cancer cell survival, a huge number of drugs have been proposed to exert their pharmacological effects by means of AMPK activation (Kim and He, 2013). For example, metformin has been shown to activate AMPK in muscle (Sajan et al., 20
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We also measured macrophage infiltration and CLS presence
2024-06-25
We also measured macrophage infiltration and CLS presence in peri-gonadal AT from db/db mice and controls. CLS are morphological features within AT that are accurate indicators of adipocyte death and macrophage infiltration [56]. An earlier study showed that CLS macrophages account for >90% of the t
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br Methods The study population included neuropathologically
2024-06-25
Methods The study population included 64 neuropathologically confirmed AD patients (6 male, 58 female) that were recruited into a longitudinal follow-up study of patients with dementia of Alzheimer’s type from the geriatric department of Harjula Hospital in Kuopio, Finland. At baseline the patien
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Alectinib is a second generation
2024-06-25
Alectinib is a second generation ALK antagonist that is built upon a 9-ethyl-6, 6-dimethyl-11-oxo benzo[b]carbazole scaffold (Fig. 5C) [58]. This drug is effective against the ALK L1196M gatekeeper mutation along with C1156Y and F1174L mutations [7]. The 11-oxo group of the drug forms a Irinotecan H
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br Materials and methods br
2024-06-25
Materials and methods Results Discussion In the present study, we identified HBP1 as a novel substrate of AKT. This was demonstrated by in vitro phosphorylation assays and western blotting using phosphosite-specific antibodies. Three sites were identified by mass spectrometry and mutagenesi
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Notably AR and AR signaling
2024-06-25
Notably, β2AR and β3AR signaling can also occur via mechanisms independent from G protein [13]. Additionally, the response to GPCR stimulus can be modified by various parameters, including chronic stimulation, cell hypoxia, acidosis, and aging [14], [15], [16]. GRKs have a significant role in the r
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Adiponectin also works on AdipoR inducing extracellular Ca
2024-06-25
Adiponectin also works on AdipoR1, inducing extracellular Ca2+ influx necessary for activation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaMKK)β, AMPK (Fig. 1). This step is then followed by activation of SirT1 and increased expression and decreased acetylation of PPARγ coactivator (PGC)-1
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br Introduction Adenosine deaminase ADA which
2024-06-25
Introduction Adenosine deaminase (ADA), which can catalyze the conversion of AD to inosine by removing an amino group, is a key hydrolytic enzyme of purine metabolism (Conway and Cooke, 1939), and plays an important role in an amount of diseases. For example, an increase of ADA activity in serum
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Introduction Myasthenia gravis MG is an autoimmune disorder
2024-06-25
Introduction Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by muscle weakness, which is mainly due to autoantibodies reducing the number or function of postsynaptic histone methyltransferase receptors (AChRs) [1], [2]. Animal models have been developed to uncover the immunopathoge
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