• br Materials and methods br Grant support Research was suppo

  2018-11-08

  

  Materials and methods Grant support Research was supported by intramural funding from the National Cancer Institute. > Acknowledgments Introduction The mechanism which regulates the organization of the embryonic body plan was identified nearly a century ago by Spemann and Mangold, who sh

• A potent methodology was recently developed to generate

  2018-11-08

  

  A potent methodology was recently developed to generate a highly enriched population of floor-plate-derived midbrain lineage ESC-mDA and iPSC-mDA neurons sufficient to treat the large PD patient population (Kriks et al., 2011). Cellular Dynamics International made a critical translational advancemen

• We next asked what the impact of culture induced

  2018-11-08

  

  We next asked what the impact of culture-induced senescence of the fibroblasts was on the reprogramming efficiency. Four representative fibroblast lines from young (ages and 1year) and old (ages 81 and 83year) donors were propagated for up to 25 passages (Fig. 2A). The pluripotent reprogramming effi

• The identification of stem cells or progenitor cells and

  2018-11-08

  

  The identification of stem CEP-37440 cost or progenitor cells, and their contribution to pancreatic regeneration remain controversial (Ziv et al., 2013; Burke and Tosh, 2012). The pancreas uses several regenerative mechanisms. Self-renewal is the principal mechanism of acinar and islet regeneration

• Cell adhesion molecules CAMs are transmembrane proteins that

  2018-11-08

  

  Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are transmembrane proteins that are responsible for mediating adhesion of cells to other cells and/or the extracellular matrix via their extracellular domains, while their intracellular domain interacts with the cytoskeleton. Thus, CAMs provide a direct link between th

• Introduction Multipotent stromal cells also referred

  2018-11-08

  

  Introduction Multipotent stromal cells, also referred to as mesenchymal stem glucosamine sulfate (MSCs), are an heterogeneous subset of stromal cells present in several tissues including bone marrow, bone, adipose tissue, skin, kidney, umbilical cord and placenta (Friedenstein et al., 1968). The mi

• Main Text These are exciting times for stem cell research

  2018-11-08

  

  Main Text These are exciting times for stem cell research and its application to human health. Unprecedented opportunities now exist to harness the power of stem farnesyl diphosphate synthase to understand and treat disease. We continue to learn more about the potential of stem cells of many diffe

• br Acknowledgments br Introduction The intestinal epithelium

  2018-11-08

  

  Acknowledgments Introduction The intestinal epithelium provides a paradigmatic model for understanding stem cell organization and dynamics in highly proliferative tissues. The past decade has seen numerous breakthroughs in our understanding of intestinal stem cells (ISCs). Prior to 2007, the e

• Although WNT signaling plays a prominent role

  2018-11-08

  

  Although WNT signaling plays a prominent role in A/P patterning of the neural tube, few studies have extensively examined the influence of WNT on the A/P positional identity of hPSC-derived NPCs and neurons. To date, most studies have relied on FGF8 (Yan et al., 2005; Yang et al., 2008) or retinoic

• transcription factors Despite the potential for tissue speci

  2018-11-08

  

  Despite the potential for tissue specific accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria, MRT understandably is of considerable appeal to couples coping with a devastating mitochondrial disease as such intervention provides the only hope for a healthy child. Depending on the tissues and proportion of di

• To explore the potential mechanism underlying this interesti

  2018-11-08

  

  To explore the potential mechanism underlying this interesting phenomenon, we examined the role of mTOR in this process as mTOR is well known for its role in controlling cell growth and metabolism, and more importantly, it is known to crosstalk with GSK3 (Inoki et al., 2006). Indeed, we were able re

• However it is likely that

  2018-11-08

  

  However, it is likely that, in addition to PU.1, other TFs participate in the initiation of the establishment of pre-existing enhancers and the activation of de novo enhancers. Thus, C/EBPα sites also were enriched for the RUNX motif, in line with the finding that during myelopoiesis Runx1 binds tra

• We previously discovered that ATM in addition

  2018-11-08

  

  We previously discovered that ATM, in addition to serving many roles in cell-cycle regulation and DNA damage response, also functions as a key epigenetic regulator in neurons, likely underlying the ataxic symptoms as well as neurodegeneration. ATM indirectly regulates nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling o

• In the present study we show that

  2018-11-08

  

  In the present study, we show that rhLNs are more effective in supporting xeno-free and defined differentiation compared with exogenous matrix such as gelatin, used in ongoing clinical studies (Schwartz et al., 2012). Moreover, we demonstrate that suspension transplantations of rhLN-521-hESC-RPE int

• Many non integrating reprogramming strategies have been

  2018-11-08

  

  Many non-integrating reprogramming strategies have been investigated over the past 8 years, such as minicircle plasmids, synthetic mRNA/miRNA, proteins, and small molecules. However, all these approaches are labor intensive, time consuming, and often inefficient. Recently, much attention has been fo

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